Towards Nearly-Zero Energy in Heritage Residential Buildings Retrofitting in Hot, Dry Climates

Retrofitting “nearly-zero energy” heritage buildings has always been controversial, due to the usual association of target with high energy performance and utilization renewable sources in highly regarded cultural values buildings. This paper aims evaluate potential turning building stock into a hot, dry climates, which addressed only few studies. Therefore, four-phase integrated retrofitting methodology was proposed applied sample residential Egypt along microscale analysis on Three reference were selected, representing most dominant typologies. The study combines field measurements observations simulations. In addition, simulation models created calibrated based monitored data results show that application hybrid passive active non-energy generating scenarios significantly impacts use buildings, e.g., where 66.4% annual electricity can be saved. Moreover, solar approximately covers demand an self-consumption up 78% surplus 20.4% achieved by using photo-voltaic modules. Furthermore, natural gas 66.8% saved two unglazed collectors. Lastly, achieving possible for presented case area. originality this work lies developing applying informed (nearly-zero energy) guide used as benchmark model belong important historical era. findings contribute fill gap existing studies integrating achieve hot climates.